Do seedlings of larger geophytic species outperform smaller ones when challenged by drought?

Do Probabilistic Algorithms Outperform Deterministic Ones?

The introduction of randomization into efficient computation has been one of the most fertile and usefifl ide,'~q in computer science. In cryl)tography and ,~synchronous comlmting, randomization makes possil)le t.asks that are iml)ossilfle to l)erform detcrnfinistically. For fimction coml)utation , many examples are known in which randomization allows considerable savings in resources like spac...

Decision Smaller Crowds Outperform Larger Crowds and Individuals in Realistic Task Conditions

Reactive Learning: Actively Trading Off Larger Noisier Training Sets Against Smaller Cleaner Ones

One of the most popular uses of crowdsourcing is to provide training data for supervised machine learning algorithms. Because of imperfect workers, requesters commonly ask multiple workers to redundantly label each example. When the goal is to train the best classifier at the lowest cost, active learning can intelligently pick new examples to label. However, active learning fails to address a f...

When Do Covariates Matter? And Which Ones, and How Much?

To be added. ∗I would like to thank David Card, Mark Duggan, Bill Evans, Judy Hellerstein, Ingmar Prucha, Jim Smith, Alex Whalley and seminar participants at Berkeley, the BLS, UC-Irvine, University of Maryland, and RAND for helpful comments and discussions.

Hormones and honest signals: males with larger ornaments elevate testosterone more when challenged.

When male investment in mating varies with quality, reliable sexual signals may evolve. In many songbirds, testosterone mediates mating investment, suggesting that signals should be linked to testosterone production. However, because testosterone may change rapidly during behaviour such as territorial aggression and courtship, efforts to establish such a relationship have proved challenging. In...